Hardware and Software - A Basic Introduction

The use of Internet services are one of the mostInternet.
dominant reasons for having personal computers and*Software*
laptops. In order to operate and especially to maintainSoftware is everything you can't physically touch. It's
and troubleshoot your computer, it's important tothe programs and applications that make up
understand basic functions and terminology foreverything that displays on the screen, enables the
computers. All of the fundamental components ofhardware to run and communicate with each other,
computing are either hardware or software.and performs tasks. Without software, your
*Hardware *computer would just be a complicated pile of metal
Hardware is all the physical components of aand plastic.
computer-the monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, andThere are basically two types of software: system
tower (or, on a laptop, the base, keyboard, andsoftware and application software. System software
display screen) are all hardware. Other pieces ofis what makes your computer function and controls
hardware can be added, changed, or removed afterbackground processes-most of which you do not
buying the basic components. Although hardware isneed to control or might not even know about.
the things you can see, you do have hardware partsApplication software, or applications, is everything
that you can't see, because they are connected oryou use to complete your tasks. Here are some
installed inside the computer tower. This is calledexamples:
internal hardware. External hardware is usually plugged* Microsoft Office Suite-Word, Excel, and Outlook
into the back of the tower and is internal hardware.are all applications, and so are similar programs like
Here are more examples of hardware:WordPerfect or OpenOffice.
*CDs and DVDs-the physical plastic disc is hardware* Web browsers-Internet Explorer, Firefox, and MSN
that stores software programs to run on yourExplorer are just a few examples.
computer.* Games, Calculators, Calendars, Wizards-well,
* CD drives and burners-for playing or recordingeverything on the All Programs list!
information on CD's.* Antivirus programs, Spyware scanners, Registry
* Modems-dial-up, cable, and DSL all require a modemcleaners, etc.
(dial-up modems are often internal, but can be sold as*Music players like Windows Media Player and
external devicesRealPlayer
* Wireless router-this device can be attached to aSoftware is available in all sizes and styles to perform
broadband modem to convert digital signal toalmost any imaginable tasks or form of
wireless, so that you can connect to the Internetentertainment. You can usually download them from
without having a cord plugged into the computer.the Internet, purchase it on CD's in stores, and often
* Wireless card/network adapter- Usually internal, thiscome stored on a CD accompanied with hardware
component makes connecting wirelessly topurchases.
broadband services possible, can also be bought andKnowing the difference between software and
attached externally.hardware and how they work is the first step to
* Ipods, smartphones, Iphones, cellphones,keeping your computer in good shape (e.g., knowing
blackberries-these devices would also be consideredhow and when to upgrade it) and to troubleshoot
hardware, especially since they are often connectedbasic problems (determining the cause of the
to the computer and can be used to connect to theproblem-is it hardware or software related?).